CLAT Contract Law Questions 2027: 50 MCQs with Answers & Explanations
CLAT Contract Law Questions with answers and easy Hindi explanations. Learn offer, acceptance, consideration, capacity, free consent, void agreements, breach of contract and remedies.
CHAPTER 3 — CONTRACT LAW
CLAT LEGAL REASONING PRACTICE QUESTION BANK
50 EXAM-ORIENTED MCQs WITH ANSWERS & HINDI EXPLANATIONS
Q1. What is the primary purpose of a contract?
A. To create a moral obligation only
B. To create legally enforceable obligations between parties
C. To create a social relationship
D. To impose criminal liability
Correct Answer: B. To create legally enforceable obligations between parties
Explanation:
Contract का मुख्य उद्देश्य parties के बीच ऐसी obligations पैदा करना है जिन्हें कानून द्वारा enforce कराया जा सके। केवल moral या social promise हर बार contract नहीं बनता।
Q2. Which of the following is generally essential for the formation of a valid contract?
A. Offer and acceptance
B. Friendship between parties
C. Written agreement in every case
D. Registration in every case
Correct Answer: A. Offer and acceptance
Explanation:
Contract formation में offer और acceptance का महत्वपूर्ण role होता है। हर contract का लिखित होना या registered होना जरूरी नहीं होता, क्योंकि कुछ contracts oral भी हो सकते हैं, subject to applicable law.
Q3. A makes an offer to sell his bicycle to B for ₹5,000. B says, “I will buy it for ₹4,500.” What is B’s response?
A. Acceptance
B. Counter-offer
C. Invitation to treat
D. Revocation
Correct Answer: B. Counter-offer
Explanation:
B ने A की original terms को accept नहीं किया बल्कि नई price ₹4,500 propose की। इसलिए यह acceptance नहीं बल्कि counter-offer है।
Q4. A offers to sell his car to B for ₹2,00,000. B says, “I accept your offer for ₹2,00,000.” What has occurred?
A. Rejection
B. Acceptance
C. Counter-offer
D. Revocation
Correct Answer: B. Acceptance
Explanation:
B ने A की offer को उसी terms पर स्वीकार किया है। इसलिए valid acceptance की स्थिति बनती है, subject to other legal requirements.
Q5. Which statement best describes an offer?
A. A mere expression of intention
B. A definite proposal made with the intention that it may become binding upon acceptance
C. A social invitation
D. A completed contract
Correct Answer: B. A definite proposal made with the intention that it may become binding upon acceptance
Explanation:
Offer केवल इच्छा व्यक्त करना नहीं है। Offer में sufficiently definite proposal होना चाहिए और उसका उद्देश्य acceptance के बाद legal obligation बनाना होना चाहिए।
Q6. A says to B, “I may sell my laptop to you sometime next month.” Is this normally a definite offer?
A. Yes, because every statement is an offer
B. Yes, because B is interested
C. No, because it is merely an expression of intention
D. No, because laptops cannot be sold through contracts
Correct Answer: C. No, because it is merely an expression of intention
Explanation:
यह statement केवल future intention दिखाता है। इसमें definite terms और immediate legal commitment का पर्याप्त संकेत नहीं है, इसलिए इसे सामान्यतः offer नहीं माना जाएगा।
Q7. Which of the following is most closely associated with valid acceptance?
A. It must generally correspond with the terms of the offer
B. It must always increase the offer
C. It must introduce new conditions
D. It must reject the offer first
Correct Answer: A. It must generally correspond with the terms of the offer
Explanation:
Acceptance सामान्यतः offer की terms के अनुरूप होनी चाहिए। अगर accept करने वाला नई या अलग condition जोड़ देता है, तो वह counter-offer बन सकता है।
Q8. A offers to sell a phone to B for ₹20,000. B replies, “I accept, provided you also give me your headphones.” What is B’s response?
A. Absolute acceptance
B. Conditional acceptance
C. Revocation
D. Performance
Correct Answer: B. Conditional acceptance
Explanation:
B ने बिना condition के offer accept नहीं की। उसने headphones देने की नई condition जोड़ दी। इसलिए यह conditional acceptance है और सामान्यतः counter-offer का प्रभाव हो सकता है।
Q9. What is consideration?
A. The personal opinion of the parties
B. Something of value exchanged in support of a promise
C. A criminal punishment
D. A court judgment
Correct Answer: B. Something of value exchanged in support of a promise
Explanation:
Consideration को सरल भाषा में promise के बदले मिलने वाली value या legal benefit/detriment के रूप में समझ सकते हैं। यह contract law का महत्वपूर्ण element है।
Q10. A promises to pay B ₹10,000 if B paints A’s house. B paints the house. What is the consideration for A’s promise?
A. B’s painting work
B. A’s house
C. A’s promise alone
D. B’s friendship
Correct Answer: A. B’s painting work
Explanation:
B ने A के लिए काम किया। यही act/value A के promise के बदले consideration के रूप में काम करता है।
Q11. Which of the following best explains the principle of “privity of contract”?
A. Only courts can make contracts
B. Generally, a person who is not a party to a contract cannot enforce contractual rights under it
C. Every person can enforce every contract
D. Contracts have no legal effect
Correct Answer: B. Generally, a person who is not a party to a contract cannot enforce contractual rights under it
Explanation:
Privity का सामान्य principle यह है कि contract के parties ही उसके contractual rights और obligations से जुड़े होते हैं। हालांकि कानून में कुछ exceptions हो सकते हैं।
Q12. A enters into a contract with B to provide services. C, who is a complete stranger to the contract, demands payment under it. What is the general position?
A. C can always demand payment
B. C is generally not entitled to enforce the contract merely because he benefits from it
C. C automatically becomes a party
D. The contract becomes criminal
Correct Answer: B. C is generally not entitled to enforce the contract merely because he benefits from it
Explanation:
सिर्फ benefit मिलने से कोई व्यक्ति contract का party नहीं बन जाता। Privity principle के कारण third party की enforcement generally restricted होती है, subject to exceptions.
Q13. Which of the following is generally required regarding the capacity of contracting parties?
A. Parties must have legal capacity to contract
B. Parties must always be of the same age
C. Parties must have the same profession
D. Parties must be relatives
Correct Answer: A. Parties must have legal capacity to contract
Explanation:
Valid contract के लिए parties का legally competent होना जरूरी है। Age, soundness of mind और applicable legal restrictions capacity को प्रभावित कर सकते हैं।
Q14. A person who is legally incapable of entering into a contract generally cannot create a fully enforceable contractual obligation merely by making a promise. Which concept is involved?
A. Capacity
B. Consideration
C. Breach
D. Damages
Correct Answer: A. Capacity
Explanation:
यह question parties की legal capacity पर आधारित है। Contract करने की क्षमता कानून द्वारा निर्धारित होती है।
Q15. Which of the following is an example of free consent?
A. Consent obtained through threat
B. Consent obtained through fraud
C. Consent given voluntarily without legally recognized improper influence
D. Consent obtained through coercion
Correct Answer: C. Consent given voluntarily without legally recognized improper influence
Explanation:
Free consent का मतलब है कि party ने अपनी इच्छा से agreement किया हो। Coercion, undue influence, fraud या misrepresentation जैसी स्थितियां consent को प्रभावित कर सकती हैं।
Q16. A threatens B with unlawful harm unless B signs an agreement. B signs because of the threat. Which concept is most directly involved?
A. Coercion
B. Consideration
C. Performance
D. Privity
Correct Answer: A. Coercion
Explanation:
जब किसी व्यक्ति को unlawful threat या pressure देकर agreement कराया जाता है, तो coercion का concept लागू हो सकता है। यहां B की consent स्वतंत्र नहीं थी।
Q17. A, knowing that a particular machine is defective, deliberately tells B that the machine is perfectly safe. B buys the machine relying on A’s statement. Which concept is most relevant?
A. Fraud
B. Acceptance
C. Performance
D. Novation
Correct Answer: A. Fraud
Explanation:
A को defect की जानकारी थी फिर भी उसने जानबूझकर गलत statement दी। ऐसी intentional deception fraud के principle से जुड़ती है।
Q18. A honestly believes that a machine is safe and tells B that it is safe. Later it is discovered that the machine had a hidden defect. Which concept may be more relevant than fraud?
A. Misrepresentation
B. Robbery
C. Criminal intimidation
D. Theft
Correct Answer: A. Misrepresentation
Explanation:
अगर statement गलत थी लेकिन व्यक्ति ने उसे जानबूझकर deceive करने के उद्देश्य से नहीं कहा, तो misrepresentation का concept relevant हो सकता है।
Q19. What is undue influence primarily concerned with?
A. A situation where one party improperly dominates the will of another
B. A situation where property is stolen
C. A situation where a contract is performed
D. A situation where an offer is advertised
Correct Answer: A. A situation where one party improperly dominates the will of another
Explanation:
Undue influence तब हो सकता है जब एक party दूसरी party की position, relationship या authority का अनुचित फायदा उठाकर उसकी इच्छा को प्रभावित करे।
Q20. A doctor persuades a seriously dependent patient to enter into an extremely unfair agreement primarily by exploiting the patient’s dependence. Which principle may be relevant?
A. Undue influence
B. Invitation to treat
C. Consideration
D. Assignment
Correct Answer: A. Undue influence
Explanation:
यहां doctor और patient के बीच dependence का relationship है। यदि doctor उस स्थिति का अनुचित फायदा उठाता है, तो undue influence का issue उठ सकता है।
Q21. What is the general effect of a mistake regarding an essential fact shared by both parties?
A. It can affect the validity of the agreement
B. It always makes the contract criminal
C. It always strengthens the contract
D. It has no possible legal relevance
Correct Answer: A. It can affect the validity of the agreement
Explanation:
Essential fact से संबंधित mutual mistake contract की validity को प्रभावित कर सकती है। लेकिन हर छोटी factual mistake automatically contract को void नहीं बनाती।
Q22. A and B agree to sell a specific horse believing that the horse is alive. Unknown to both, the horse had already died. What issue is most relevant?
A. Mutual mistake of fact
B. Criminal intimidation
C. Acceptance by silence
D. Breach after performance
Correct Answer: A. Mutual mistake of fact
Explanation:
दोनों parties एक ही essential fact के बारे में गलत belief में थीं। अगर subject matter पहले ही अस्तित्व में नहीं था, तो mutual mistake agreement की validity को प्रभावित कर सकती है।
Q23. Which statement is generally correct about an agreement that is expressly prohibited by law?
A. It is generally unenforceable
B. It is automatically enforceable
C. It is always a valid contract
D. It becomes valid if one party wants it
Correct Answer: A. It is generally unenforceable
Explanation:
कानून द्वारा expressly prohibited agreement को सामान्यतः enforce नहीं किया जा सकता। Contract law lawful object और lawful consideration की requirement पर जोर देता है।
Q24. A and B agree to perform an act that is specifically prohibited by law. What is the most appropriate conclusion?
A. The agreement is generally not legally enforceable
B. The agreement is automatically valid
C. The agreement becomes valid after oral acceptance
D. The agreement becomes valid because both parties consented
Correct Answer: A. The agreement is generally not legally enforceable
Explanation:
केवल दोनों parties की consent पर्याप्त नहीं है। Contract का object भी lawful होना चाहिए। Illegal object वाला agreement सामान्यतः enforceable नहीं होता।
Q25. What is the difference between a void agreement and a voidable contract?
A. There is no difference
B. A void agreement has no legal enforceability, while a voidable contract may be avoided by the entitled party
C. A void agreement is always criminal
D. A voidable contract can never be challenged
Correct Answer: B. A void agreement has no legal enforceability, while a voidable contract may be avoided by the entitled party
Explanation:
Void agreement शुरुआत से ही legally enforceable नहीं होता। Voidable contract में एक party के पास उसे avoid या rescind करने का legal option हो सकता है, जैसे certain cases of lack of free consent.
Q26. A contract is entered into after one party is subjected to legally recognized coercion. The affected party may generally have the right to:
A. Ignore the issue forever
B. Seek avoidance of the contract
C. Commit a crime
D. Increase the other party’s obligations automatically
Correct Answer: B. Seek avoidance of the contract
Explanation:
अगर consent coercion जैसी legally recognized circumstance से प्रभावित हुई है, तो affected party को contract avoid करने का अधिकार मिल सकता है, subject to applicable law.
Q27. What is a breach of contract?
A. Failure to perform a contractual obligation without lawful justification
B. Making an offer
C. Accepting an offer
D. Negotiating a contract
Correct Answer: A. Failure to perform a contractual obligation without lawful justification
Explanation:
जब contract के अनुसार party को जो obligation perform करनी थी, वह legally justified reason के बिना पूरी नहीं की जाती, तो breach का issue उठ सकता है।
Q28. A agrees to deliver 100 books to B on 1 June but refuses to deliver them without a valid legal reason. What has occurred?
A. Breach of contract
B. Acceptance
C. Consideration
D. Invitation to treat
Correct Answer: A. Breach of contract
Explanation:
A ने contractual obligation पूरी करने से मना कर दिया। यदि refusal legally justified नहीं है, तो यह breach of contract हो सकता है।
Q29. Which remedy is primarily intended to compensate a party for loss caused by breach of contract?
A. Damages
B. Imprisonment in every case
C. Criminal prosecution in every case
D. Revocation of citizenship
Correct Answer: A. Damages
Explanation:
Damages का मुख्य उद्देश्य breach से हुए legally recognized loss की भरपाई करना होता है। हर breach criminal offence नहीं होता।
Q30. A fails to deliver goods under a valid contract and B suffers a legally recognized financial loss. Which remedy is most directly associated with compensation?
A. Damages
B. Arrest
C. Criminal punishment
D. Deportation
Correct Answer: A. Damages
Explanation:
यह contractual dispute है। अगर breach के कारण compensable loss हुआ है, तो damages monetary compensation के रूप में मिल सकते हैं, subject to legal rules.
Q31. What is specific performance?
A. A remedy requiring a party to perform the contractual obligation in appropriate circumstances
B. A criminal sentence
C. A method of making an offer
D. A type of consideration
Correct Answer: A. A remedy requiring a party to perform the contractual obligation in appropriate circumstances
Explanation:
Specific performance में court appropriate circumstances में party को contract में promised performance करने का आदेश दे सकता है। यह हर breach में automatically उपलब्ध नहीं होता।
Q32. A agrees to sell a unique piece of property to B but later refuses to complete the transaction. Monetary compensation may not adequately address B’s interest. Which remedy may potentially be relevant?
A. Specific performance
B. Criminal imprisonment automatically
C. Defamation
D. Arbitration in every case
Correct Answer: A. Specific performance
Explanation:
Unique property जैसी situations में केवल पैसा पर्याप्त remedy न हो सकता है। ऐसे cases में legal requirements पूरी होने पर specific performance relevant हो सकती है।
Q33. Which statement about consideration is generally correct?
A. Consideration must always be equal in monetary value to the promise
B. Consideration is generally required for a contract, subject to recognized exceptions
C. Consideration is always illegal
D. Consideration is the same as punishment
Correct Answer: B. Consideration is generally required for a contract, subject to recognized exceptions
Explanation:
Consideration contract law का important element है। हालांकि law कुछ recognized exceptions भी provide करता है। इसलिए “हर situation में consideration अनिवार्य है” कहना पूरी तरह सही नहीं होगा।
Q34. A promises to gift B ₹50,000 merely because B is his friend, without any consideration or applicable exception. What issue arises?
A. Absence of consideration
B. Criminal intimidation
C. Robbery
D. Defamation
Correct Answer: A. Absence of consideration
Explanation:
सिर्फ friendship या affection अपने आप consideration नहीं बन जाता। यदि कोई legal exception लागू नहीं है, तो absence of consideration enforceability को प्रभावित कर सकती है।
Q35. Which of the following is NOT generally necessary for every valid contract?
A. Offer and acceptance
B. Lawful object
C. Legal capacity
D. Friendship between parties
Correct Answer: D. Friendship between parties
Explanation:
Contract के लिए parties का friends होना बिल्कुल जरूरी नहीं है। Legal requirements महत्वपूर्ण हैं, personal relationship नहीं।
Q36. A posts an advertisement stating, “Shoes from ₹500 onwards.” A customer claims that the advertisement is automatically a definite offer to sell every pair to anyone at ₹500. Which principle is most relevant?
A. Invitation to treat
B. Criminal liability
C. Undue influence
D. Mistake of law
Correct Answer: A. Invitation to treat
Explanation:
General advertisements कई situations में invitation to treat मानी जाती हैं, यानी वे लोगों को offer करने के लिए invite करती हैं। हर advertisement automatically binding offer नहीं होती।
Q37. A shop displays a product with a price tag. A customer demands that the shop must necessarily sell it at that displayed price because the display itself is always a completed contract. Which statement is most appropriate?
A. Display automatically creates a completed contract in every case
B. Display may generally be an invitation to treat rather than a final offer
C. Display is always a criminal act
D. Display cancels all contractual rules
Correct Answer: B. Display may generally be an invitation to treat rather than a final offer
Explanation:
दुकान में goods display करना सामान्यतः customer को purchase offer करने के लिए invite करने जैसा माना जा सकता है। Contract formation के लिए further steps आवश्यक हो सकते हैं।
Q38. A sends an offer to B and clearly states that the offer will remain open until Friday. On Wednesday, B learns that A has already sold the subject matter to C. What issue may arise?
A. Revocation of offer
B. Creation of consideration
C. Specific performance automatically
D. Criminal punishment
Correct Answer: A. Revocation of offer
Explanation:
Offer acceptance से पहले revoke हो सकती है, subject to applicable rules. B को reliable information मिलती है कि A ने subject matter किसी और को बेच दिया है, तो revocation का issue arise हो सकता है।
Q39. Which of the following best describes the relationship between an offer and a contract?
A. Every offer is already a contract
B. A valid offer may become part of a contract when properly accepted and other requirements are satisfied
C. An offer can never become a contract
D. An offer is always a criminal offence
Correct Answer: B. A valid offer may become part of a contract when properly accepted and other requirements are satisfied
Explanation:
Offer और contract एक ही चीज नहीं हैं। Proper acceptance और अन्य legal requirements पूरी होने पर agreement contract में बदल सकता है।
Q40. A agrees to sell B a particular painting. Before the contract is completed, the painting is destroyed without the fault of either party. Which concept may become relevant?
A. Impossibility or frustration of performance
B. Criminal intimidation
C. Consideration by friendship
D. Defamation
Correct Answer: A. Impossibility or frustration of performance
Explanation:
अगर contract का specific subject matter बिना parties की fault के समाप्त हो जाए और performance impossible हो जाए, तो impossibility/frustration का doctrine relevant हो सकता है।
Q41. A contracts with B to perform a task personally. Later, A appoints C to perform it without B’s consent, even though personal performance was important to the agreement. Which issue is most relevant?
A. Performance according to contractual terms
B. Invitation to treat
C. Consideration only
D. Offer by advertisement
Correct Answer: A. Performance according to contractual terms
Explanation:
अगर contract में personal performance महत्वपूर्ण थी, तो A बिना अनुमति किसी दूसरे व्यक्ति को substitute नहीं कर सकता, subject to the exact terms and applicable law. Contract की terms के अनुसार performance जरूरी है।
Q42. A and B enter into a contract. Later they mutually agree to replace the original contract with a new one. What concept may be involved?
A. Novation
B. Coercion
C. Fraud
D. Invitation to treat
Correct Answer: A. Novation
Explanation:
Novation में parties existing contract को नए contract से replace कर सकती हैं, जिससे original contractual obligation समाप्त होकर नई obligation बन सकती है, subject to legal requirements.
Q43. Which of the following best describes “rescission”?
A. Setting aside or cancelling a contract in circumstances permitted by law
B. Creating a new criminal offence
C. Making an advertisement
D. Increasing consideration automatically
Correct Answer: A. Setting aside or cancelling a contract in circumstances permitted by law
Explanation:
Rescission का अर्थ contract को legally cancel या set aside करना हो सकता है। यह remedy certain legally recognized circumstances में available होती है।
Q44. A enters into an agreement with B after B intentionally provides false information about a material fact to induce A to contract. A later discovers the truth. Which principle is most relevant?
A. Fraud and free consent
B. Invitation to treat
C. Performance
D. Privity alone
Correct Answer: A. Fraud and free consent
Explanation:
B ने material fact के बारे में जानबूझकर false information देकर A को contract में आने के लिए induce किया। इसलिए fraud और free consent दोनों concepts relevant हैं।
Q45. Statement I: Every breach of contract is a criminal offence.
Statement II: Contractual breach is generally dealt with through civil remedies.
Which option is correct?
A. Both statements are true
B. Both statements are false
C. Statement I is false, Statement II is true
D. Statement I is true, Statement II is false
Correct Answer: C. Statement I is false, Statement II is true
Explanation:
हर contractual breach crime नहीं होता। सामान्यतः breach of contract civil law के remedies जैसे damages आदि से deal किया जाता है। हालांकि अलग facts में criminal conduct independently मौजूद हो सकता है।
Q46. PRINCIPLE:
A contract requires genuine consent. Consent obtained through legally recognized coercion may make the agreement voidable at the option of the affected party.
FACT:
A threatens B with unlawful harm unless B signs a contract to sell his land at a very low price. B signs because he fears the threatened harm.
What is the best conclusion?
A. B’s consent is completely free
B. The contract can never be challenged
C. B may have a right to avoid the contract because of coercion
D. A automatically becomes the owner of the land
Correct Answer: C. B may have a right to avoid the contract because of coercion
Explanation:
Principle के अनुसार coercion consent को legally defective बना सकता है। Facts में B ने unlawful threat के डर से sign किया, इसलिए B को contract avoid करने का right मिल सकता है।
Q47. PRINCIPLE:
Acceptance must be absolute and unqualified.
FACT:
A offers to sell a laptop to B for ₹40,000. B replies, “I accept your offer if you include the laptop bag.”
What is the best conclusion?
A. B has given absolute acceptance
B. B has added a condition and therefore has not given absolute acceptance
C. The contract is automatically criminal
D. B has revoked A’s offer
Correct Answer: B. B has added a condition and therefore has not given absolute acceptance
Explanation:
B ने original offer को exactly accept नहीं किया। उसने laptop bag की additional condition जोड़ी। इसलिए यह absolute and unqualified acceptance नहीं है।
Q48. PRINCIPLE:
A person who makes a promise must generally have legal capacity to enter into the relevant contract.
FACT:
X, who lacks the required legal capacity under applicable law, enters into an agreement with Y. Y argues that X must perform simply because X signed the document.
Which statement is best?
A. Signature alone always makes every agreement enforceable
B. Capacity is irrelevant
C. The enforceability of the agreement may be affected by X’s lack of legal capacity
D. Y automatically gets criminal punishment
Correct Answer: C. The enforceability of the agreement may be affected by X’s lack of legal capacity
Explanation:
सिर्फ document पर signature कर देना पर्याप्त नहीं है। Party की legal capacity भी महत्वपूर्ण है। यदि X legally competent नहीं था, तो agreement की enforceability प्रभावित हो सकती है।
Q49. PRINCIPLE:
Where a party fails to perform a contractual obligation and causes legally compensable loss, the injured party may seek an appropriate remedy.
FACT:
A agrees to deliver 500 books to B by 1 August. A refuses to deliver without legal justification. B had already entered into a resale arrangement and suffers a foreseeable financial loss.
What is the most appropriate legal response?
A. B can never seek any remedy
B. B may seek an appropriate contractual remedy, potentially including damages
C. A automatically receives ownership of B’s business
D. The contract becomes a criminal case in every circumstance
Correct Answer: B. B may seek an appropriate contractual remedy, potentially including damages
Explanation:
A ने contractual obligation perform नहीं की और B को legally recognizable loss हुआ। इसलिए B appropriate contractual remedy, including damages where legally recoverable, seek कर सकता है।
Q50. Consider the following statements:
1. An offer and an invitation to treat are not necessarily the same.
2. Acceptance generally needs to correspond with the offer.
3. Free consent is relevant to contractual validity.
4. Every promise between two people automatically becomes a legally enforceable contract.
Which of the following is correct?
A. Only 1 and 2
B. Only 1, 2 and 3
C. Only 2 and 4
D. All four
Correct Answer: B. Only 1, 2 and 3
Explanation:
Statements 1, 2 और 3 सही हैं। हर promise contract नहीं बनता। Contract के लिए legal requirements जैसे agreement, consideration, capacity, free consent, lawful object आदि relevant होते हैं।
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QUICK REVISION — CONTRACT LAW
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1. Offer
2. Acceptance
3. Counter-offer
4. Invitation to Treat
5. Consideration
6. Capacity to Contract
7. Free Consent
8. Coercion
9. Undue Influence
10. Fraud
11. Misrepresentation
12. Mistake of Fact
13. Lawful Object
14. Void Agreement
15. Voidable Contract
16. Privity of Contract
17. Breach of Contract
18. Damages
19. Specific Performance
20. Rescission
21. Novation
22. Impossibility / Frustration
23. Performance of Contract
24. Contractual Remedies
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CLAT EXAM TIP
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Contract Law के questions में केवल definitions याद करना पर्याप्त नहीं है।
CLAT में question को इस तरह पढ़ें:
PRINCIPLE → FACTS → APPLICATION → CONCLUSION
सबसे पहले principle समझें।
फिर facts में देखें कि कौन-सी legal condition मौजूद है।
फिर principle को facts पर apply करें।
अंत में सबसे legally appropriate option चुनें।
विशेष रूप से इन concepts पर मजबूत पकड़ रखें:
Offer vs Invitation to Treat
Offer vs Counter-offer
Acceptance vs Conditional Acceptance
Consideration
Capacity
Free Consent
Coercion vs Undue Influence
Fraud vs Misrepresentation
Void vs Voidable
Breach vs Criminal Offence
Damages vs Specific Performance